Formulas

VOLUME FORMULAS

Cube:

Volume = a³ = a x a x a

Cylinder (i.e., manholes & pipe):

Volume = pi x r² x h

pi = 3.14

h = height

r = radius

Rectangle (i.e., Box Culverts & Trenches, Slabs):

Volume = l x w x h

l = the length

w = width

h = height

Cone: (i.e., dirt stockpiles):

Volume = (pi x r² x h)/3

pi = 3.14

r = radius

h = height

Sphere:

Volume = (4 x pi x r³)/3

pi = 3.14

r = radius

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AREA FORMULAS

Circle:

Area = pi x r²

pi = 3.14

h is the height

r is the radius

Triangle:

Area = b x h x 1/2

b = base

h = height

Ellipse:

Area = pi x r x r

pi = 3.14

r1 = radius of the long axis

r2 = radius of the short axis

There are certain formulas anyone who works in grading / excavating / pipe laying will need to know. Some will be used everyday, others not so often. All should be committed to memory. If that is not possible, they should be kept in a handy place.